高压引气活门（HPV）
一、名称
Valve bleed HP
高压引气活门（HPV）
二、件号
6763 Series
三、章节号
36-11-26
四、适用机型
A330
五、系统
36 PNEUMATIC
气源
六、安装位置
发动机短舱
七、部件原理
A. General
(1) The HP (High-Pressure) Bleed Valve with the IP Check-Valve form the transfer sub-system of the bleed air system. The HP (High-Pressure) Bleed Valve permits to supply bleed air to the system at idle speed.
(2) Depending on the engine stages pressure level, the air is bled either from the IP stage or the HP stage.
A.概述
1）高压引气活门和中压单向活门构成引气系统的传输子系统。HP（高压）引气活门允许在怠速时向系统供应引气。
2）根据发动机级压力水平，空气从中压级或高压级引气。
B. Detailed Operation
(1) Regulator Assy
(a) Regulation system (Refer to Fig FUNC-4).
1. The upstream air pressure tapped through upstream tapping port, is reduced when passing between clapper (3) and its seat (19) to get the reference pressure. It is then delivered into regulator chamber (A) through a restrictor (G1).
2. The pressure acts on the diaphragm (2), which at a pressure threshold pushes the clapper (3) to regulate air pressure at a constant level.
3. The reduced pressure can be adjusted with the adjusting nut (5) by modifying the spring (6) load applied to the diaphragm (2).
B.详细操作
(1)调节器组件
(a)调节系统（参见图FUNC-4）。
1.通过上的上游气压游分接口分接在阀芯（3）与其阀座（19）之间通过时降低，以获得基准压力。然后通过限流孔（G1）将其输送到调节腔（A）。
2.压力作用在膜片（2）上，膜片在压力阈值处推动阀芯（3）以将气压调节到恒定水平。
3.可以调节调节螺母（5）来改变施加在膜片（2）上的弹簧（6）载荷进行减压。
(b) Closing system (Refer to Fig FUNC-4).
1. When the (B) chamber of the closing system is supplied with reference pressure from the regulation system, this pressure acts on the diaphragm (10) which pushes the clapper (4) against its lower seat (12). The reference pressure is then admitted into the pneumatic actuator opening chamber.
2. When the (B) chamber is air-vented, the clapper (4) is held by spring (15) against its upper seat (14). The pneumatic actuator opening chamber is air vented through the internal duct of clapper (4). This configuration can result from a Solenoid Valve Assy from a removal of the knurled screw (18).
3. When the (B) chamber is not pneumatically supplied, the clapper (4) is held by spring (15) against its upper seat (14). There is no pressure admitted into the pneumatic actuator opening chamber. This configuration can result from an overpressure valve closing due to excessive upstream pressure. This configuration is also obtained when unit is at rest.
(b)关闭系统（参见图FUNC-4）。
1.当调节系统向关闭系统的（B）腔提供基准压力时，该压力作用在膜片（10）上，膜片将阀芯（4）推靠在其下部阀座（12）上。然后，基准压力被允许进入气动作动器开启室。
2.当（B）腔排气时，阀芯（4）由弹簧（15）固定在其上座（14）上。气动作动器开启室通过阀芯（4）的内部管道排气。这种配置可能是由于拆下滚花螺钉（18）和电磁阀（通电放气）组件造成。
3.当（B）腔没有气动供应时，阀芯（4）由弹簧（15）固定在其上座（14）上。气动作动器开启室中没有压力。这种构型可能是由于上游压力过大导致超压阀关闭造成的。当装置处于静止状态时，也会获得这种构型。
(2) Overpressure Safety System Operation
(a) Overpressure valve (Refer to Fig FUNC-5).
1. The overpressure valve detects any high pressure level occurring upstream HP Bleed Valve and air vents the opening/closing system chamber (B) and stops regulator S-A (Subassembly) supply, thus causing HP Bleed Valve closing. For a lower upstream pressure, the overpressure valve has no influence on regulation.
– Upstream pressure lower than 7.24 bar rel. (Relative) (105.00 psig) for type 6763C****** or 12.75 bar rel. (Relative) (184.92 psig) for type 6763D******:
• The spring (3) holds the clapper (4) against the seat (2) and the clapper (1) in the open position. The upstream air pressure can be ducted to the Regulator Assy,
– Upstream pressure greater than 7.24 bar rel. (105.00 psig) for type 6763C****** or 12.75 bar rel. (184.92 psig) for type 6763D****** (Refer to Fig FUNC-8):
• The clapper (1) is pushed against its seat (2) under the action of upstream pressure, and thus prevents the upstream pressure from being ducted to the Regulator Assy,
• The (B) chamber of closing system is then air vented through clapper (4) and its seat (2).
(2)超压安全系统操作
(a)超压阀（参见图FUNC-5）
1.超压阀检测到HPV上游出现的任何高压水平，并对打开/关闭系统室（B）进行排气，并停止调节器组件（子组件）的供应，从而导致HPV关闭。
对于较低的上游压力，超压阀对调节没有影响
-对于6763C型，上游压力低于7.24bar相对压力（105.00 psig），对于6763D型低于12.75bar相对压力。
•弹簧（3）将阀芯（4）固定在阀座（2）上，阀芯（1）处于打开位置。上游空气压力可以输送到调节器组件，
-对于6763C型，上游压力大于7.24 bar rel.（105.00 psig），对于67630D型，上游空气压力大于12.75 bar rel。
•在上游压力的作用下，阀芯（1）被推到其阀座（2）上，从而防止上游压力被输送到调节器组件，
•然后通过阀芯（4）及其阀座（2)，关闭系统B腔的的空气排出。
(b) Solenoid-controlled valve (Refer to Fig FUNC-6).
1. When the solenoid Assy is energized through its electrical connector, it causes displacement of the plunger(1) and the tappet(2) which pushes the leaf clapper(3) out of its seat. Then, the regulator chamber (B) and the banjo tube (4) are airvented.
（b） 电磁控制阀（参见图FUNC-6）。
1.当电磁阀组件通过其电连接器通电时，它会导致衔铁（1）和顶杆（2）的位移，从而将阀芯（3）推出其底座。然后，调节室（B）和banjo管（4）排气。
(3) Operating Principle of the Complete Unit
(a) In the absence of upstream air pressure, the butterfly valve is maintained in the “CLOSED” position because of the pneumatic actuator spring action (Refer to Fig FUNC-7).
(b) When the upstream pressure is greater than 2.48 bar rel. (36 psig) and less than 7.24 bar rel. (105.00 psig) for type 6763C******, or greater than 2.76 bar rel. (40 psig) and less than 12.75 bar rel. (184.92 psig) for type 6763D****** (Refer to Fig FUNC-8):
– The upstream pressure is reduced by the regulator regulation system and Is ducted to the opening/closing system which sends this reference pressure into the pneumatic actuator opening chamber,
– The downstream pressure is ducted into the pneumatic actuator closing chamber,
– The piston is then submitted at one side to a constant reference pressure and at the other side to the downstream pressure. Any downstream pressure variation causes the modification of butterfly position in order to obtain a regulated downstream pressure equal to 2.48 bar rel. (35.96 psig) for type 6763C****** or 2.76 bar rel. (40.03 psig) for type 6763D******.
(c) When the upstream pressure is greater than 7.24 bar rel. (105.00 psig) for type 6763C******, or 12.75 bar rel. (184.92 psig) for type 6763D******, the overpressure valve opens and stops the air pressure supply of regulator and vents the regulator. The pneumatic actuator opening chamber is then air-vented through the regulator opening/closing system, causing the butterfly valve closing (Refer to Fig FUNC-9).
(d) When the solenoid valve is energized through its electrical connector, the regulator opening system is air-vented. The pneumatic actuator opening chamber is air-vented through the regulator opening/closing system. The butterfly valve closes (Refer to Fig FUNC-10).
(3)整个产品工作原理
(a) 在没有上游气压的情况下，由于气动作动器弹簧的作用，蝶板保持在“关闭”位置（参见图FUNC-7）。
(b) 当6763C型的上游压力大于2.48 bar rel.（36 psig）且小于7.24 bar rel.下游压力，或者当6763D型上游压力大于2.76 bar rel. (40 psig)且小于12.75 bar rel. (184.92 psig)（参考FUNC-8）：
–上游压力由调节器调节系统降低，并被输送到打开/关闭系统，该系统将该基准压力送入气动作动器打开腔，
–下游压力被输送到气动作动器关闭室，
–然后，活塞的一侧承受恒定的基准压力，另一侧承受下游压力。任何下游压力变化都会导致蝶板位置的改变，以获得等于6763C型2.48 bar rel.（35.96 psig）或6763D型2.76 bar rel. (40.03 psig)的调节下游压力。
(c) 当上游压力大于6763C型的7.24 bar rel.（105.00 psig）或6763D型的12.75 bar rel（184.92 psig）时，超压阀打开并停止调节器的空气压力供应，并对调节器进行排气。然后，气动作动器打开腔通过调节器打开/关闭系统排气，导致蝶板关闭（参见图FUNC-9）。
(d) 当电磁阀通过其电气接头通电时，调节器开启系统会排气。气动作动器开启腔通过调节器打开/关闭系统通风。蝶板关闭（参见图FUNC-10）。
HP Bleed Valve (Ref. Fig. 013)
This valve mainly provides:
– control of the engine compressor HP stage air bleed
– downstream limitation of the relative static pressure of the air bled from the HP stage
– reverse flow protection of the engine compressor HP stage
– ON/OFF control of the HP air bleed.
The HP bleed valve is a 5 in. dia butterfly type valve. The HP bleed valve is normally spring-loaded closed in absence of upstream pressure.
The valve is not fully closed when upstream pressure is higher than 12 psig.
Valve operation is pneumatic (pressure control), mechanical (safety) or electropneumatic (closure).
The HP bleed valve pneumatically limits the downstream static pressure by adjusting the butterfly valve position to a value depending on the airflow:
.40 plus or minus 2 psig (minimum airflow)
.40 plus or minus 4 psig. (maximum airflow).
The valve is pneumatically controlled to the closed position when upstream pressure is higher than 185 plus or minus 5 psig.
The valve is pneumatically controlled closed in case of potential reverse flow.
Valve closure, independently of the pressure limitation function, is achieved by a dual coil solenoid when it is energized by redundant EEC channel A or B:
– by an internal EEC logic.
– when the bleed valve is controlled closed by the BMC, via the 14HA relay.
高压引气活门
该活门主要提供：
-控制发动机压缩机高压级引气
-高压级引气的相对静压的下游限制
-发动机压缩机高压级的反流保护
-高压引气的开/关控制。
HPV是一个直径为5英寸的蝶板类型的活门。在没有上游压力的情况下，HPV通常是弹簧加载关闭的。
当上游压力高于12 psig时，活门未完全关闭。
活门工作为气动（压力控制）、机械（安全）或电动气动（关闭）。
HPV通过将蝶板位置调整到取决于气流的值来气动限制下游静压：
.40±2 psig（最小气流）
.40±4 psig（最大气流）。
当上游压力高于185±5psig时，活门被气动控制到关闭位置。
在可能发生反流的情况下，活门由气动控制关闭。
当双线圈电磁阀由冗余EEC通道A或B通电时，活门关闭与压力限制功能无关：
-通过内部EEC逻辑。
-当BMC通过14HA继电器控制放气阀关闭时。
八、工作参数
– Max. air supply pressure:
• Valve normally closed: 38.9 bar rel. (Relative) (564.19 psig), for all PNR
• Valve normally open: 6.90 bar rel. (100.07 psig), for PNR 6763C Series
• Valve normally open: 12.41 bar rel. (179.99 psig), for PNR 6763D Series
– Max. air supply temperature:
• Valve normally closed: 645 °C (1193 °F), for all PNR
• Valve normally open: 405 °C (761 °F), for all PNR
– Nominal regulated air pressure:
• 2.32 to 2.64 bar rel. (33.65 to 38.28 psig) for a cruise nominal flowrate of 1.25 kg/s (2.75 lb/s), for PNR 6763C Series
• 2.60 to 2.92 bar rel. (37.71 to 42.35 psig) for a cruise nominal flowrate of 1.25 kg/s (2.75 lb/s), for PNR 6763D Series
– Safety overpressure:
• 6.9 to 7.58 bar rel. (100.08 to 109.93 psig), for PNR 6763C Series
• 12.41 to 13.09 bar rel. (180.00 to 189.95 psig), for PNR 6763D08 Series
• 14.14 to 15.10 bar rel. (205.08 to 219.00 psig), for PNR 6763D09 Series
– Ambient temperature:
• Normal operating conditions: -40 °C to +205 °C (-40 °F to +401 °F), for all PNR
• Limit operating conditions: -55 °C to +230 °C (-67 °F to +446 °F), for all PNR
– Ambient pressure:
• 0.16 bar abs. (Absolute) to 1.45 bar abs. (Absolute) (2.33 psia to 21.03 psia), for all PNR
– Solenoid:
• Power supply: 28 VDC (Volt direct current), for all PNR
• Nominal current: 0.4 A, for all PNR
– Microswitch:
• Power supply: 28 VDC, for all PNR
• Nominal current: 0.5 mA to 20 mA, for all PNR
九、在飞机系统中的工作原理及互联
The distribution system supplies the bleed air from the different sources to the user systems. The engines and the APU are the primary bleed air sources. You can also use an external air-source to supply compressed air on the ground. The distribution system has bleed air ducts which connect the bleed air sources to the user systems. Bleed valves control the supply of the bleed air from the engines and the APU into the bleed air ducts. The APU bleed-air duct has a check valve which gives the APU protection if a different source supplies bleed air with a higher pressure. The crossbleed duct connects the left and right bleed-air systems. The crossbleed valve isolates the left and right bleed-air systems from each other.
分配系统将来自不同来源的引气供应给用户系统。发动机和辅助动力装置（APU）是主要的引气来源。您还可以使用外部气源在地面上供应压缩空气。分配系统具有引气管道，将引气源连接到用户系统。引气活门控制从发动机和辅助动力装置到引气管道的引气供应。APU引气管道有一个单向活门，如果不同的气源提供更高压力的引气，该单向活门将为辅助动力装置提供保护。交叉引气管道连接左右引气系统。交输活门将左右引气系统相互隔离。
Engine Bleed-Air Supply-System
The engine bleed-air supply-system is installed in the nacelle and pylon of each engine. It supplies the bleed air from the Intermediate Pressure (IP) stage or the High Pressure (HP) stage of the engine compressor. If the bleed air supply from the IP stage is not sufficient, the system automatically supplies bleed air from the HP stage. The Intermediate Pressure Check-valve (IPC) and the High Pressure Valve (HPV) control the bleed air supply. A Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV) controls the pressure of the bleed air supply and keeps the downstream pressure to a specified limit. The PRV also has the subsequent functions: – it gives protection to the system if there is an incorrect flow of air, – it keeps the temperature in limits (e.g. at high bleed-air flow rates).
发动机引气系统
发动机引气供应系统安装在每台发动机的短舱和吊架中。它从发动机压缩机的中压（IP）级或高压（HP）级提供引气。如果中压级的引气供应不足，系统会自动从高压级供应引气。IPC和HPV控制引气供应。PRV控制引气供应的压力，并将下游压力保持在指定的范围内。PRV还具有以下功能：-如果空气流量不正确，它会为系统提供保护，-它会将温度保持在一定范围内（例如在高引气流量下）。
Description
Each engine bleed air system includes three main sub-systems which are described hereafter:
(1) Pneumatic transfer system (Ref. Fig. 005)
This sub-system enables the selection of the HP compressor stage from which air is to be bled. It includes two main components:
– the HP bleed valve
– the IP bleed check valve.
This sub-system bleeds the air from the intermediate or higher stages of the compressor depending on the available pressure and engine speeds as follows:
– in the normal engine air bleed configuration, the air is bled from the compressor IP port (intermediate pressure, on the 8th stage) at high engine speed
– at low engine speed, especially during aircraft descent, with engines at idle, the IP port pressure is insufficient. The air is automatically bled from the HP port (high pressure on the 14th stage) through the HP bleed valve and the pressure downstream of this valve causes the IP bleed check valve to close.
When the IP port pressure exceeds the HP bleed valve target value, the HP bleed valve closes. Air bleed transfer from the HP port to the IP port is pneumatically achieved, air is directly bled from the IP stage through the IP bleed check valve. There are three cases of pneumatic operation:
– HP stage pressure lower than 40 psig (average value):
Air is bled from the HP port through the HP bleed valve which is fully open. The IP bleed check valve is closed to prevent any air recirculation through the engine.
– HP stage pressure higher than 40 psig and lower than 185 psig, and IP stage pressure lower than 40 psig:
Air is bled from the HP port through the HP bleed valve which regulates the downstream pressure at 40 psig. The IP bleed check valve is closed to prevent any air recirculation.
– IP stage pressure higher than 40 psig:
说明
每个发动机引气系统都包括三个主要子系统，下文将对其进行描述：
(1) 气动传输系统
该子系统用于选择需要引气的 HP 压缩机级。它包括两个主要部件：
– HP 引气活门
– IP 单向活门。
该子系统根据可用压力和发动机转速从压缩机的中级或高级引气，具体如下：
– 在正常发动机引气构型中，发动机高速运转时，空气从压缩机 IP 端口（中间压力，第 8 级）引气
– 在发动机低速运转时，尤其是在飞机下降时，发动机处于怠速状态，IP 端口压力不足。空气通过 HP 单向活门从 HP 端口（高压，位于第14级）自动引气，该活门下游的压力会导致 IP 单向活门关闭。
当 IP 端口压力超过 HP 引气活门目标值时，HP 引气活门关闭。通过气动方式实现从 HP 到 IP 的引气传输，空气通过 IP 单向活门直接从 IP 级引气。气动操作有三种情况：
– HP 级压力低于 40 psig（平均值）：
通过完全打开的 HPV引气。IP 单向活门关闭，以防止任何空气通过发动机再循环。
– HP 级压力高于 40 psig 且低于 185 psig，IP 级压力低于 40 psig：
空气通过 HPV从 HP 引气，该活门将下游压力调节在 40 psig。IP 单向活门关闭，以防止空气再循环。
– IP 级压力高于 40 psig：
If the solenoid of the HP bleed valve is not energized, air bleed transfer from the HP port to the IP port is pneumatically achieved.
The IP bleed check valve is open.
NOTE : Transfer to the IP stage can be forced by closing the HP bleed valve via a solenoid incorporated in the valve. This transfer is commanded by the EEC (Electronic Engine Controller) of the corresponding engine.
A reverse flow protection is ensured by the IP bleed check valve and the HP bleed valve which close when the downstream pressure is higher or equal than the upstream pressure.
如果 HPV的电磁阀未通电，则通过气动方式实现从 HP 端口到 IP 端口的引气传输。
IP 单向引气活门处于打开状态。
注：可通过内置在 HPV中的电磁阀关闭HPV，强制将空气转移至 IP 级。该转换由相应发动机的 EEC（发动机电子控制器）发出指令。
当下游压力高于或等于上游压力时，IP 单向活门和 HPV关闭，从而确保反向流动保护。
(2) Pressure limitation system (Ref. Fig. 006)
This sub-system includes a bleed pressure regulating valve designated bleed valve associated with a bleed valve control solenoid.
This sub-system enables the aircraft systems to be supplied with air under a normal nominal pressure lower than or equal to 48 psig (cruise normal flow). The IP stage bleed air pressure (or HP stage pressure if the HP bleed valve fails in the open position) is limited downstream of the bleed valve.
The bleed valve operates pneumatically in relation with the associated bleed valve control solenoid. The bleed valve control solenoid is connected to the bleed valve by a pneumatic sense line and is installed in the duct downstream of the precooler exchanger.
The bleed valve control solenoid controls the bleed valve closure when the valve solenoid is energized by the BMC or by action on the ENG BLEED pushbutton switch or ENG FIRE.
The bleed valve control solenoid reduces the bleed valve regulated pressure when the temperature exceeds 235⁰C.
In case of overpressure caused by the bleed valve failure, the overpressure valve closes.
(2) 压力限制系统（参见图 006）
该子系统包括一个与引气活门控制电磁铁相关联的PRV（又名引气活门）。
该子系统可使飞机系统在正常额定压力低于或等于 48 psig（巡航正常流量）的情况下供气。IP 级引气压力（或 HP 级压力，如果 HP 级引气活门在打开位置发生故障）受限于引气活门下游。
引气活门与相关的引气活门控制电磁阀一起进行气动操作。引气活门控制电磁阀通过气动感应管路与引气活门相连，并安装在预冷却器交换器下游的管道中。
当 BMC 或 ENG BLEED 按钮开关或 ENG FIRE 上的动作给引气活门电磁铁通电时，引气活门控制电磁铁控制引气活门关闭。
当温度超过 235⁰C 时，引气活门控制电磁阀会降低引气活门调节压力。
在引气活门故障导致超压的情况下，超压阀关闭。
(3) Temperature limitation system (Ref. Fig. 007)
This sub-system comprises the following components:
– a precooler exchanger
– a fan air valve associated with a control thermostat.
This sub-system enables the aircraft systems to be supplied with air under a normal temperature lower than or equal to 200⁰C. A second level of control at 150⁰C (adjustable) is available. It is activated by the BMC according to the demand of the air conditioning system.
The bleed air is cooled down by modulating the air flow bled from the engine fan through the precooler exchanger. At the precooler exchanger outlet, the control thermostat adjusts the fan air valve control pressure and thereby the valve butterfly position so as to limit the temperature at the above mentioned values.
(3) 温度限制系统（参见图 007）
该子系统由以下部件组成：
– 预冷器交换器
– 一个与控制恒温器相关的扇形活门。
该子系统可在正常温度低于或等于 200⁰C 的情况下为飞机系统提供空气。第二级控制温度为 150⁰C（可调）。它由 BMC 根据空调系统的需求激活。
通过调节从发动机风扇引气经过预冷器交换器的气流，对引气进行冷却。在预冷却器交换器出口处，控制恒温器调节风扇空气阀控制压力，从而调节活门蝶形位置，以便将温度限制在上述值。
The HP bleed is only used when the engines are at low power. The Intermediate Pressure Check Valve (IPC) and High Pressure Valve (HPV) control the bleed air supply. Once the IP bleed is sufficient,the HPV closes and the IPC opens.
HP 引气仅在发动机处于低功率时使用。中间压力单向活门 (IPC) 和高压活门 (HPV) 控制引气供应。一旦 IP 引气足够，HPV 关闭，IPC 打开。
ABNORMAL HIGH PRESSURE BLEED VALVE CLOSURE
An abnormal BMC closure function is used for system protection purposes or during specific operations. The BMC sends a HPV closing command to the EEC via a relay. This HPV closing command is sent any time the Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV) is commanded closed.
The HPV also closes when the HP pressure is higher than 85 psi, the Wing Anti Ice (WAI) is not selected and the altitude is higher than 26000 feet (7925 meters), or when the compressor exit temperature is higher than 430 degrees Celsius and the HP pressure higher than 75 psi. If the IP/HP transfer fails, the HPV pneumatically closes when the upstream pressure is higher than 185 psi.
高压引气活门异常关闭
BMC 关闭异常功能用于系统保护或特定操作。BMC 通过继电器向 EEC 发送 HPV 关闭命令。该 HPV 关闭命令在压力调节活门 (PRV) 命令关闭时随时发送。
当 HP 压力高于 85 psi、未选择机翼防冰 (WAI) 且海拔高于 26000 英尺（7925 米），或压缩机出口温度高于 430℃且 HP 压力高于 75 psi 时，HPV 也会关闭。如果 IP/HP 传输失败，当上游压力高于 185 psi 时，HPV 会气动关闭。
